基于非线性扩张状态观测器的直线电机PD控制

为了解决直线电机伺服系统跟踪速度与峰化现象之间的矛盾,设计一种基于非线性扩张状态观测器的比例微分(Proportion Differentiation,PD)控制器。将直线电机伺服系统中的未建模动态和外界干扰定义为总和扰动并扩充为系统新的状态变量,利用非线性扩张状态观测器(Non Linear Extended State Observer,NLESO)估计不可测量的直线电机动子速度以及总和扰动。利用NLESO和跟踪微分器TD的输出,基于动态补偿线性化思想设计了引入补偿量的PD控制器,并给出了闭环控制系统稳定性证明。在Googol公司的实验平台上,通过与两种基于LESO的PD控制器对比,验证了所设计的基于NLESO的PD控制器的可行性。实验结果表明,基于NLESO的PD控制器可使直线电机伺服系统具有跟踪速度快、跟踪精度高、峰化现象小、鲁棒性强的优点。     

考虑落角约束与驾驶仪特性的自适应RBF空间末制导律

为使大口径舰炮制导炮弹在打击近岸机动目标的末制导段满足落角约束,现考虑自动驾驶仪动态特性,基于自适应RBF逼近网络与动态面滑模提出一种空间末制导律。构建空间弹目相对运动模型,通过带改进微分跟踪器的扩张状态观测器估计目标加速度。为零化视线角跟踪误差与视线角速率,采用自适应指数趋近律设计非奇异终端滑模动态面,并运用自适应RBF逼近网络削弱控制指令抖振。通过Lyapunov第二法证明了全系统中视线角跟踪误差与视线角速率均最终一致有界。仿真实验表明：该末制导律使制导炮弹在空间中打击具有不同机动形式的近岸目标时,均具备良好的末制导性能。     

新的自适应渐消扩展卡尔曼滤波在GPS定位中的应用

当实际数据出现突变时,基于最小二乘、扩展卡尔曼滤波的GPS定位解算存在定位结果精度低和稳定性差的问题。提出一种自适应渐消扩展卡尔曼滤波算法,通过自适应渐消迭代系统噪声协方差,来实现抑制数据突变影响。试验结果表明:该算法相比最小二乘、扩展卡尔曼滤波,其定位精度有所提高;相比传统渐消扩展卡尔曼滤波,其收敛速度、稳定性有所提高。     

稀疏贝叶斯学习框架下的扩展目标雷达关联成像

传统的关联成像方法未考虑复杂扩展目标的结构信息,在高分辨成像时的应用受到限制,为此提出一种自适应结构配对稀疏贝叶斯学习方法。该方法在稀疏贝叶斯学习的框架内针对扩展目标建立一种结构配对层次化高斯先验模型,然后采用变分贝叶斯期望-最大化算法交替进行目标重构和参数优化。该方法将某一信号分量的重构与周围信号分量联系起来,并能在迭代过程中自适应地调整表征各信号分量相关性的参数。实验结果表明,该方法针对扩展目标可以有效地进行高分辨成像。     

SPEED BUMP ON THE ROAD TO GLOBAL ZERO

The prospect of the United States continuing to reduce the size of its nuclear arsenal to “very low numbers” has raised questions in Japan and South Korea, where US extended deterrence guarantees are premised on the “nuclear umbrella.” In both countries, however, concerns focus less on numerical arsenal size than on the sufficiency of specific nuclear and non-nuclear capabilities to meet evolving threats and on the degree of broader US commitment to these alliances. This article assesses developments in US-Japan and US-South Korea relationships in response to the Obama administration's nuclear disarmament policies, focusing on how the evolutionary course of those relationships may in turn condition prospects for sustaining this US nuclear policy direction. The analysis finds that the challenges of deterrence credibility and allied reassurance are difficult and long-term, but also that US nuclear arsenal size is secondary to broader political, strategic, and military factors in meeting these challenges. The evaluation concludes that strong alliance relationships and strategic stability in East Asia can be maintained while the size of the US nuclear arsenal continues to decline, but also that deterioration of these relationships could imperil core US nuclear policy and nonproliferation objectives.     

Formulations for dynamic lot sizing with service levels

In this article, we study deterministic dynamic lot‐sizing problems with a service‐level constraint on the total number of periods in which backlogs can occur over a finite planning horizon. We give a natural mixed integer programming formulation for the single item problem (LS‐SL‐I) and study the structure of its solution. We show that an optimal solution to this problem can be found in \begin{align*}\mathcal O(n^2\kappa)\end{align*} time, where n is the planning horizon and \begin{align*}\kappa=\mathcal O(n)\end{align*} is the maximum number of periods in which demand can be backlogged. Using the proposed shortest path algorithms, we develop alternative tight extended formulations for LS‐SL‐I and one of its relaxations, which we refer to as uncapacitated lot sizing with setups for stocks and backlogs. {We show that this relaxation also appears as a substructure in a lot‐sizing problem which limits the total amount of a period's demand met from a later period, across all periods.} We report computational results that compare the natural and extended formulations on multi‐item service‐level constrained instances. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

基于Radon变换的合成孔径声纳多普勒中心估计

不准确的多普勒中心估计会显著降低合成孔径声纳图像质量。基于多普勒中心与斜视角直接相关的事实,提出了一种使用Radon变换估计多普勒中心的方法。仿真结果说明,此方法是有效的,可用于低信噪比、大斜视角情况下的多普勒中心估计。     

基于命中概率的箔条质心干扰反导能力研究

通过对舰艇箔条质心干扰反导过程的分析,分别在可行性分析基础上建立了无干扰情况下以及干扰各阶段反舰导弹命中舰艇概率模型,间接的对舰艇箔条质心干扰反导能力进行了定量研究。最后给出实例仿真对模型进行了检验,得出了相关结论及改进措施。     

纯方位TMA的变增益扩展卡尔曼滤波算法

通过对水下纯方位目标运动分析中的扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法的分析,利用方位新息,构成了一条反馈回路,从而将EKF算法改进为变增益扩展卡尔曼滤波(VGEKF)算法.对比仿真分析表明,VGEKF较之EKF滤波效果有所改善,增强了稳定性,提高了精度,为水下纯方位目标运动分析的实现提供新的途径.     

结合非负张量表示与扩展隐Dirichlet分配模型的图像标注

由于"语义鸿沟"的存在,自动图像标注是一项极具挑战性的工作。考虑到图像低层视觉特征与高层语义概念的差异,分别从图像表示与语义建模两个方面来实现自动图像标注。在图像表示方面,提出了一种正则化约束下的非负张量表示方法,用以提取符合人眼视觉直观理解的图像高阶结构特征。在语义建模方面,提出了一种三层贝叶斯模型——扩展隐Dirichlet分配。该模型利用隐变量来实现图像与标注词的关联,并通过一种基于变分推理的期望最大值方法来估计参数。实验结果表明,ELDA模型在大规模数据库NUS-WIDE上的标注结果相较于现有方法有了显著的提高。